Names of people, cities, villages, countries, continents, months, etc. are called proper nouns.
Examples: David, Ali, London, Paris, Abyaneh, Iran, France, Asia, April, ...
Point: We are expected to capitalize proper nouns except seasons.
Examples: boy, girl, table, desk, pen, bread, ...
There are two types of common nouns:
Countable Nouns → book, ball, cow, car, ...
Uncountable Nouns → sugar, water, air, ...
Nouns Uncountable in English, but Countable in Other Languages:
money, advice, equipment, mail, information, work, homework, news, furniture, garbage, luggage, baggage, bread, ...
Uncountable Nouns with Countable Equivalents:
work → jobs
homework → assignments
baggage → bags, suitcases
jewelry → jewels
advice → recommendations
mail → letters
Point: Some nouns are sometimes countable and sometimes uncountable depending on the meaning of the word.
Examples:
I ate some chicken. → chicken = a kind of food
There are five chickens in the yard. → chicken = a kind of bird
I ate some fruit. → fruit in general
The fruits are on the right. → different types of fruit
I drank some coffee. → coffee = a kind of drink
Two coffees and four teas, please! → coffee = cup of coffee; tea = cup of tea
Jane bought 6 eggs. → egg as a unit
There’s some egg on your shirt. → egg as a substance